Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.COPY_DATA (
	table_name        IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name   IN VARCHAR2,		
	file_uri_list     IN CLOB,	
	schema_name       IN VARCHAR2,
	field_list        IN CLOB,
	format            IN CLOB);

DBMS_CLOUD.COPY_DATA (
	table_name        IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name   IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,		
	file_uri_list     IN CLOB DEFAULT NULL,	
	schema_name       IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
	field_list        IN CLOB DEFAULT NULL,
	format            IN CLOB DEFAULT NULL
	operation_id      OUT NOCOPY NUMBER);

Parameters

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.COPY_DATA (
	table_name        IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name   IN VARCHAR2,		
	file_uri_list     IN CLOB,	
	schema_name       IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,
	field_list        IN CLOB DEFAULT,
	format            IN CLOB DEFAULT);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• As with other data files, Avro and Parquet data loads generate logs that are viewable in the tables dba_load_operations and user_load_operations. Each load operation adds a record to dba[user]_load_operations that indicates the table containing the logs.

  The log table provides summary information about the load.

• For Avro or Parquet, when the format parameter type is set to the value avro or parquet, the BADFILE_TABLE table is always empty.

  • For Parquet files, PRIMARY KEY constraint errors throw an ORA error.

  • If data for a column encounters a conversion error, for example, the target column is not large enough to hold the converted value, the value for the column is set to NULL. This does not produce a rejected record.

Use stored cloud service credentials to access the cloud service for data loading, for querying external data residing in the cloud, or for other cases when you use DBMS_CLOUD procedures with a credential_name parameter. This procedure is overloaded. Use the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure-related parameters, including: user_ocid, tenancy_ocid, private_key, and fingerprint only when you are using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Signing Keys authentication.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_CREDENTIAL (
	credential_name   IN VARCHAR2,
	username          IN VARCHAR2,
	password          IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);


DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_CREDENTIAL (
	credential_name IN VARCHAR2,
	user_ocid       IN VARCHAR2,
	tenancy_ocid    IN VARCHAR2,
	private_key     IN VARCHAR2,
	fingerprint     IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• This operation stores the credentials in the database in an encrypted format.

• You can see the credentials in your schema by querying the user_credentials table.

• The ADMIN user can see all the credentials by querying the dba_credentials table.

• You only need to create credentials once unless your cloud service credentials change. Once you store the credentials you can then use the same credential name for DBMS_CLOUD procedures that require a credential_name parameter.

• This procedure is overloaded. If you provide one of the key based authentication attributes, user_ocid, tenancy_ocid, private_key, or fingerprint, the call is assumed to be an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Signing Key based credential.

• On Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, private keys generated with a passphrase are not supported. You need to generate the private key without a passphrase. See How to Generate an API Signing Key for more information.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Credentials (Auth Tokens)

For Oracle Cloud Infrastructure the username is your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure user name. The password is your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure auth token. See Working with Auth Tokens.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage Classic Credentials

If your source files reside in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage Classic, the username is your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Classic user name and the password is your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Classic password.

Amazon Web Services (AWS) Credentials

If your source files reside in Amazon S3 or you are calling an AWS API, the username is your AWS access key ID and the password is your AWS secret access key. See AWS Identity and Access Management.

Microsoft Azure Credentials

If your source files reside in Azure Blob Storage or you are calling an Azure API, the username is your Azure storage account name and the password is an Azure storage account access key. See About Azure storage accounts.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE (
	table_name       IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name  IN VARCHAR2,		
	file_uri_list    IN CLOB,	
	column_list      IN CLOB,
	field_list       IN CLOB DEFAULT,
	format           IN CLOB DEFAULT);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• The procedure DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE supports external partitioned files in the supported cloud object storage services, including:

  • Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage

  • Azure Blob Storage

  • Amazon S3

  The credential is a table level property; therefore, the external files must be on the same object store.

  See DBMS_CLOUD Package File URI Formats for more information.

Example

BEGIN  
   DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE(   
      table_name =>'WEATHER_REPORT_DOUBLE_DATE',   
      credential_name =>'OBJ_STORE_CRED',   
      file_uri_list =>'&base_URL/Charlotte_NC_Weather_History_Double_Dates.csv',
      format => json_object('type' value 'csv', 'skipheaders' value '1'),   
      field_list => 'REPORT_DATE DATE''mm/dd/yy'',                   
                     REPORT_DATE_COPY DATE ''yyyy-mm-dd'',
                     ACTUAL_MEAN_TEMP,                 
                     ACTUAL_MIN_TEMP,                 
                     ACTUAL_MAX_TEMP,                 
                     AVERAGE_MIN_TEMP,                    
                     AVERAGE_MAX_TEMP,     
                     AVERAGE_PRECIPITATION',   
      column_list => 'REPORT_DATE DATE,   
                     REPORT_DATE_COPY DATE,
                     ACTUAL_MEAN_TEMP NUMBER,  
                     ACTUAL_MIN_TEMP NUMBER,  
                     ACTUAL_MAX_TEMP NUMBER,  
                     AVERAGE_MIN_TEMP NUMBER,   
                     AVERAGE_MAX_TEMP NUMBER,                  
                     AVERAGE_PRECIPITATION NUMBER');
   END;
/ 

SELECT * FROM WEATHER_REPORT_DOUBLE_DATE where         
   actual_mean_temp > 69 and actual_mean_temp < 74

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE (
	table_name       IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name  IN VARCHAR2,		
	file_uri_list    IN CLOB,
	column_list      IN CLOB,
	field_list       IN CLOB DEFAULT,
	format           IN CLOB DEFAULT);

Parameters

Examples Avro

Examples Parquet

Avro or Parquet Column Name Mapping to Oracle Column Names

See DBMS_CLOUD Package Avro and Parquet to Oracle Column Name Mapping for information on column name mapping and column name conversion usage in Oracle SQL.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE (
	table_name           IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,		
	partitioning_clause  IN CLOB,	
	column_list          IN CLOB,
	field_list           IN CLOB DEFAULT,
	format               IN CLOB DEFAULT);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• With Avro or Parquet data format using DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE, the schema format option is not available and the column_list parameter must be specified. The schema format option is available with DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE.

• The procedure DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE supports external partitioned files in the supported cloud object storage services, including:

  • Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage

  • Azure Blob Storage

  • Amazon S3

  See DBMS_CLOUD Package File URI Formats for more information.

Example

BEGIN  
   DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE(
      table_name =>'PET1',  
      credential_name =>'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
      format => json_object('delimiter' value ',', 'recorddelimiter' value 'newline', 'characterset' value 'us7ascii'),  
      column_list => 'col1 number, col2 number, col3 number',
      partitioning_clause => 'partition by range (col1)
                                (partition p1 values less than (1000) location
                                    ( ''&base_URL//file_11.txt'')
                                 ,
                                 partition p2 values less than (2000) location
                                    ( ''&base_URL/file_21.txt'')
                                 ,
                                 partition p3 values less than (3000) location 
                                    ( ''&base_URL/file_31.txt'')
                                 )'
     );
   END;
/  

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_HYBRID_PART_TABLE (
	table_name           IN VARCHAR2,
	credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,		
	partitioning_clause  IN CLOB,	
	column_list          IN CLOB,
	field_list           IN CLOB DEFAULT,
	format               IN CLOB DEFAULT);

Parameters

Usage Note

• The procedure DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_HYBRID_PART_TABLE supports external partitioned files in the supported cloud object storage services, including:

  • Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage

  • Azure Blob Storage

  • Amazon S3

  The credential is a table level property; therefore, the external files must be on the same object store.

  See DBMS_CLOUD Package File URI Formats for more information.

Example

BEGIN  
   DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_HYBRID_PART_TABLE(
      table_name =>'HPT1',  
      credential_name =>'OBJ_STORE_CRED',  
      format => json_object('delimiter' value ',', 'recorddelimiter' value 'newline', 'characterset' value 'us7ascii'),  
      column_list => 'col1 number, col2 number, col3 number',
      partitioning_clause => 'partition by range (col1)
                                (partition p1 values less than (1000) external location
                                    ( ''&base_URL/file_11.txt'')
                                 ,
                                 partition p2 values less than (2000) external location
                                    ( ''&base_URL/file_21.txt'')
                                 ,
                                 partition p3 values less than (3000)
                                 )'
     );
   END;
/ 

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_ALL_OPERATIONS (
	type      IN VARCHAR DEFAULT NULL);

Parameters

Usage Note

• DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_ALL_OPERATIONS does not delete currently running operations (operations in a "Running" status).

Syntax

 DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_FILE ( 
       directory_name     IN VARCHAR2,
       file_name          IN VARCHAR2); 

Parameters

GRANT WRITE ON DIRECTORY data_pump_dir TO db_user;

Example

BEGIN
   DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_FILE(
      directory_name =>  'DATA_PUMP_DIR',
      file_name => 'exp1.dmp');
   END;
/ 

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_OBJECT (
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,
       object_uri           IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Example

BEGIN
   DBMS_CLOUD.DELETE_OBJECT(
       credential_name => 'DEF_CRED_NAME',
       object_uri => 'https://objectstorage.us-ashburn-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/exp1.dmp');
   END;
/ 

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.DROP_CREDENTIAL (
   credential_name     IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT (
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,
       object_uri           IN VARCHAR2,
       directory_name       IN VARCHAR2,
       file_name            IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT  NULL,
       startoffset          IN NUMBER DEFAULT  0,
       endoffset            IN NUMBER DEFAULT  0,
       compression          IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT  NULL);


DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT(
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
       object_uri           IN VARCHAR2,
       startoffset          IN NUMBER DEFAULT  0,
       endoffset            IN NUMBER DEFAULT  0,
       compression          IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT  NULL)
RETURN BLOB;

Parameters

^Footnote 1

GRANT WRITE ON DIRECTORY data_pump_dir TO db_user;

Return Values

The function form reads from Object Store and DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT returns a BLOB.

Examples

BEGIN 
   DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT(
     credential_name => 'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
     object_uri => 'https://objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/file.txt',
     directory_name => 'DATA_PUMP_DIR'); 
END;
/

To read character data from a file in Object Store:

SELECT to_clob(
     DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT(
       credential_name => 'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
       object_uri => 'https://objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/file.txt'))
FROM DUAL;

To add an image stored on Object Store in a BLOB in the database:

DECLARE
   l_blob BLOB := NULL;
BEGIN
   l_blob := DBMS_CLOUD.GET_OBJECT(
     credential_name => 'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
     object_uri => 'https://objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/MyImage.gif' );
END;
/

In this example, namespace-string is the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure object storage namespace and bucketname is the bucket name. See Understanding Object Storage Namespaces for more information.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_FILES (
	directory_name      IN VARCHAR2)
       RETURN TABLE;

Parameters

Usage Notes

• DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_FILES is only supported for directory objects mapping to Oracle File System (OFS) or Database File System (DBFS) file systems.

• To run DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_FILES with a user other than ADMIN you need to grant read privileges on the directory to that user. For example, run the following command as ADMIN to grant read privileges to db_user:

  GRANT READ ON DIRECTORY data_pump_dir TO db_user;

• This is a pipelined table function with return type as DBMS_CLOUD_TYPES.list_object_ret_t.

• DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_FILES does not obtain the checksum value and returns NULL for this field.

Example

This is a pipelined function that returns a row for each file. For example, use the following query to use this function:

SELECT * FROM DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_FILES('DATA_PUMP_DIR');

OBJECT_NAME       BYTES   CHECKSUM      CREATED              LAST_MODIFIED
------------ ---------- ----------    ---------------------  ---------------------
cwallet.sso        2965               2018-12-12T18:10:47Z   2019-11-23T06:36:54Z

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_OBJECTS (
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,
       location_uri         IN VARCHAR2)
   RETURN TABLE;

Parameters

Usage Notes

• Depending on the capabilities of the object store, DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_OBJECTS does not return values for certain attributes and the return value for the field is NULL in this case.

  All supported Object Stores return values for the OBJECT_NAME, BYTES, and CHECKSUM fields.

  The following table shows support for the fields CREATED and LAST_MODIFIED by Object Store:

  Object Store	CREATED	LAST_MODIFIED
  Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Native	Returns timestamp	Returns NULL
  Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Swift	Returns NULL	Returns timestamp
  Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Classic	Returns NULL	Returns timestamp
  Amazon S3	Returns NULL	Returns timestamp
  Azure	Returns timestamp	Returns timestamp

• The checksum value is the MD5 checksum. This is a 32-character hexadecimal number that is computed on the object contents.

• This is a pipelined table function with return type as DBMS_CLOUD_TYPES.list_object_ret_t.

Example

This is a pipelined function that returns a row for each object. For example, use the following query to use this function:

SELECT * FROM DBMS_CLOUD.LIST_OBJECTS('OBJ_STORE_CRED', 
    'https://objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/');


OBJECT_NAME   BYTES              CHECKSUM                       CREATED         LAST_MODIFIED
------------ ---------- -------------------------------- --------------------- --------------------
cwallet.sso   2965      2339a2731ba24a837b26d344d643dc07 2019-11-23T06:36:54Z          

In this example, namespace-string is the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure object storage namespace and bucketname is the bucket name. See Understanding Object Storage Namespaces for more information.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.PUT_OBJECT (
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,
       object_uri           IN VARCHAR2,
       directory_name       IN VARCHAR2,
       file_name            IN VARCHAR2);


DBMS_CLOUD.PUT_OBJECT (
       credential_name      IN VARCHAR2,
       object_uri           IN VARCHAR2,
       contents             IN BLOB,
       file_name            IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

^Footnote 2

GRANT READ ON DIRECTORY data_pump_dir TO db_user;

Example

To handle BLOB data after in-database processing and then store the data directly into a file in the object store:

DECLARE
      my_blob_data BLOB;
BEGIN 
 /* Some processing producing BLOB data and populating my_blob_data */
DBMS_CLOUD.PUT_OBJECT(
     credential_name => 'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
     object_uri => 'https://objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oraclecloud.com/n/namespace-string/b/bucketname/o/my_new_file',
     contents => my_blob_data)); 
END;
/

Usage Notes

Depending on your Cloud Object Storage, the size of the object you transfer is limited as follows:

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure object store does not allow writing files into a public bucket without supplying credentials (Oracle Cloud Infrastructure allows users to download objects from public buckets). Thus, you must supply a credential name with valid credentials to store an object in an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure public bucket using PUT_OBJECT.

See DBMS_CLOUD Package File URI Formats for more information.

Use stored credentials for data loading, for querying external data residing in the Cloud, or wherever you use DBMS_CLOUD procedures with a credential_name parameter. This procedure lets you update an attribute with a new value for a specified credential_name.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.UPDATE_CREDENTIAL (
	credential_name   IN VARCHAR2,
	attribute         IN VARCHAR2,
	value             IN VARCHAR2);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• The user name is case sensitive. It cannot contain double quotes or spaces.

• The ADMIN user can see all the credentials by querying the dba_credentials table.

• You only need to create credentials once unless your cloud service credentials change. Once you store the credentials you can then use the same credential name for DBMS_CLOUD procedures that require a credential_name parameter.

Example

BEGIN
  DBMS_CLOUD.UPDATE_CREDENTIAL(
     credential_name => 'OBJ_STORE_CRED',
     attribute => 'PASSWORD',
     value => 'password'); 
END;
/

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE (
	table_name      IN VARCHAR2,
	schema_name     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,		
	rowcount        IN NUMBER DEFAULT,
	stop_on_error   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT);


DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE(
	table_name      IN VARCHAR2,
	operation_id    OUT NOCOPY NUMBER,
	schema_name     IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,		
	rowcount        IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0,
	stop_on_error   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

Parameters

Usage Notes

• DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_TABLE works with both partitioned external tables and hybrid partitioned tables. This potentially reads data from all external partitions until rowcount is reached or stop_on_error applies. You do not have control over which partition, or parts of a partition, is read in which order.

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE (
       table_name                 IN VARCHAR2,
       partition_name             IN CLOB DEFAULT,
       schema_name                IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,
       rowcount                   IN NUMBER DEFAULT,
       partition_key_validation   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT,
       stop_on_error              IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT);


DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_PART_TABLE (
       table_name                 IN VARCHAR2,
       operation_id               OUT NUMBER,
       partition_name             IN CLOB DEFAULT,
       schema_name                IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,
       rowcount                   IN NUMBER DEFAULT,
       partition_key_validation   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT,
       stop_on_error              IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT);

Parameters

Syntax

DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_HYBRID_PART_TABLE (
       table_name                 IN VARCHAR2,
       partition_name             IN CLOB DEFAULT,
       schema_name                IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,
       rowcount                   IN NUMBER DEFAULT,
       partition_key_validation   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT,
       stop_on_error              IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT);


DBMS_CLOUD.VALIDATE_HYBRID_PART_TABLE (
       table_name                 IN VARCHAR2,
       operation_id               OUT NUMBER,
       partition_name             IN CLOB DEFAULT,
       schema_name                IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT,
       rowcount                   IN NUMBER DEFAULT,
       partition_key_validation   IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT,
       stop_on_error              IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT);

Parameters

The two ways to specify the format argument are:

format => '{"format_option" : “format_value” }'  

And:

format => json_object('format_option' value 'format_value'))

Examples:

format => json_object('type' VALUE 'CSV')

To specify multiple format options, separate the values with a ",".

For example:

format => json_object('ignoremissingcolumns' value 'true', 'removequotes' value 'true', 'dateformat' value 'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24-MI-SS', 'blankasnull' value 'true')

See DBMS_CLOUD Package Avro and Parquet Complex Types for information on using Avro complex types.

See DBMS_CLOUD Package Avro and Parquet Complex Types for information on using Parquet complex types.

Oracle Database supports complex data types, including the following complex types:

• struct

• list

• map

• union

• array

When you specify a source file type of Avro or Parquet and the source file includes complex columns, Oracle Database queries return JSON for the complex columns. This simplifies processing of query results; you can use Oracle's powerful JSON parsing features consistently across the file types and data types. The following table shows the format for the complex types in Oracle Database:

The following are supported for Avro and Parquet column names, but may require use of double quotes for Oracle SQL references in external tables. Thus, for ease of use and to avoid having to use double quotes when referencing column names, if possible do not use the following in Avro and Parquet column names:

• Embedded blanks

• Leading numbers

• Leading underscores

• Oracle SQL reserved words

The following table shows various types of Avro and Parquet column names, and rules for using the column names in Oracle column names in external tables.